Compiler version and platform:
Intel(R) C Intel(R) 64 Compiler for applications running on Intel(R) 64, Version 17.0.1.132 Build 20161005
$ icc -O0 small.c; ./a.out; echo $?
1
$
$ icc -O1 small.c; ./a.out; echo $?
0
$
$ cat small.c
struct
{
int f:2;
} volatile a = { -1 };
int b = 1;
int main ()
{
short c = 0;
if (!(!b || a.f > 0))
c = 1;
return c;
}
$